The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of job stress of professional dancers on organizational effectiveness. Specifically, we were investigated the effect of job stress on job satisfaction, organizational commitment (affective, normative, continuance), and turnover intention in organizational effectiveness. This study will be an effective way to improve the organizational performance. The data collection was conducted in professional dancers working in domestic professional dance groups such as National Ballet. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed. A total of 257 questionnaires were used in the final analysis, except for 43 questionnaires that were inappropriate for the questionnaire response. Sampling was based on the convenience sampling method and the questionnaire was done by self-filling method. To analyze this study, we used IBM PASW 22.0 statistical package. The results of the analysis were as follows. First, interpersonal relationship had a significant effect on job satisfaction among job stress of professional dancers. Second, interpersonal relationship and external environment had significant influence on affective commitment and normative commitment among job stress of professional dancers. Third, surrounding expectation had significant influence on turnover intention during job stress of professional dancers. In conclusion, it was suggested that eliminating the job stress of professional dancers was important for enhancing organizational performance and organizational effectiveness.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the various aspects of the traditional Korean dance at the Pyeongyang Gisaeng School and the ways that their culture was transmitted through their activities. There is no doubt that the perceptions of Gisaeng have been negative or narrow-minded. Furthermore, Gisaeng has become a symbolic image of sexuality, and the narrow-minded stereotype of Gisaeng still remains today. However, there exists counter-discourse that enables a re-conceptualization of Gisaeng as the symbol of a cultural archetype. It is also necessary to assess them as the pioneers of modern culture creation. The Pyeongyang Gisaeng School, in particular, produced many entertainers in the early modern days through a stable and sustainable educational system. The school provided whole person education based on its systematic process and content to produce a host of entertainers instead of limiting its scope only to art. Dance education was allocated to the upper grades so that the students could take on the practice of dance after equipping themselves with the basics including music. I The school also embraced contemporary art in its education according to the flow of the times rather than remaining at the level of the tradition. This foundation of the school contributed to the big number of Gisaengs from Pyeongyang recorded in Yedanilbaekin and Joseon Mi-In Bogam and the popularity they enjoyed among the public through their various performance activities.

The purpose of this study was to examine and highlight Choi Hyeon’s dance, performed during his life as part of Korea’s dance history, in terms of its position in the art world. Choi Hyeon was born in Yeongdo, Busan on December 6, 1929 and passed away from liver cancer at the age of 78 on July 8, 2002. He entered the dance world in 1946 as a pupil of Kim Hae-Rang (金海郞) and learned the basics of dancing by emulating the teacher for eight years. His dancing career developed after his arrival at Seoul. Choi Hyeon was one of the most influential dancers between the 1950s and 1980s, and he acted as a choreographer and dancer, showing originality based on tradition, from the 1970s until his death in the 2000s. He also continued to teach dance from the 1950s until his death. Choi Hyeon broadly classified his works into large-scale dance dramas and small-scale dance works. His leading dance dramas included (National Musical Company of Korea, 1974), (National Dance Company of Korea, 1979), (National Dance Company of Korea, 1981), (Seoul Performing Arts Company, 1987), (Seoul Metropolitan Dance Theatre, 1992), (Seoul Performing Arts Company, 1999), and (Choi Hyeon Dance Performance, 2001). His leading small-scale dance works included (1976), (1993), (1994), and (1999). Choi Hyeon's dance world was broadly understood within the genre of Korea’s creative dance, but technically, it was a successful case of an advanced style in the genre of new dance. Choi Hyeon left his imprint on Korea’s dance history, while leading his life in the modern era, by his successful creation and performance of his works based on his theory of new dance-oriented reasoning among Korea’s various styles of creative dance.

Hallyangmu is one of folk dances, in which the original form and archetype of Korean dance have been well inherited and recorded. Since its original forms were recorded in Gyobang Gayo (1865) written by Jeong Hyeon-seok, Hallyangmu has been inherited in various forms. It was passed down by gisaeng in the enlightenment era and performed as theater dance by Han Seong-jun. Notably, it is a dance drama in which narrative structure has been well recorded. Hallyangmu, has been inherited mainly in Gyeonggi region and Yeongnam region. Hallyangmu danced by Gang Seon-yeong and Jang Hong-sim, who followed Han Seong-jun’s style, was designated as a cultural asset of Seoul City in 2014 and has been most standardized in terms of character composition and narrative structure. Hallyangmu in Han Seong-jun’s style largely consists of four sequences: story of a playboy and a maiden;of a Buddhist monk and a maiden;of a playboy and a female barkeeper; and the final sequence for resolution They make.a story with the combination of minimized unit structure and seek an open space in which the story can be expressed in movements. The characters in the dance are a playboy, a maiden, a Buddhist monk (dark faced Buddhist monk) and a female barkeeper. When the playboy is seen as a subject, the maiden as an object, and the monk as an opponent, the dance is expressed in the triangle contrast structure in which two male characters have conflicts to win love. However, the structure centers on the maiden without direct conflicts between the Buddhist monk and the playboy, and personalities and characters come to the surface through concepts of behaviors.

Giselle, along with Swan Lake, is one of the most widely-loved and frequently-performed classic piece of ballet. The first full-act premiere of Giselle in Korea was performed in December 10th of 1975 as the 17th period performance of the Korean National Ballet. Giselle, often considered to be an indispensable part of the repertoire in most professional ballet companies, has been said to be one of the most important pieces of classical ballet throughout the entire ballet history. The premiere performance of Giselle was a historic event which provided a steppingstone for the Korean ballet company to grow further into the next level. In this study, we aimed to ascertain historical truth about the first full-act premiere of Giselle in Korea and to draw historical implication. As research strategies, we collected and analyzed historical literature materials as well as conducted interviews with important figures. Our historical investigation indicated that the premiere of Giselle of 1975 triggered a significant leap toward a next level of performing art in general, not only of Korean ballet. Another important value could be found from its being a challenging attempt under the worst of conditions notwithstanding. In a similar vein, the premiere of Giselle had a particular significance due to its being the first independently performed full-act premiere without any help from outside the country. The first full-act premiere of Giselle was made possible due to the passionate devotion and inspiration of a few major figures

This study examines Komagaku , one of the pieces of Japanese court music and dance, focusing its origin. Uniquely in , the dancer wears a costume with rat patterns. The examination of the relationship between the Korean Peninsula and focusing on the rat on the costume of , shows that the country showing the most records of rats as spiritual beings is Silla. Thus, in order to find any relationship between the Korean Peninsula and using the image of rat, it may be more efficient to examine Silla than Goguryeo or Baekje. In addition, uses Imha(臨河), Imga(林歌), or Imga(林哥) for its mark. Among them, Imha(臨河) has the same Chinese characters as ‘Imhasa(臨河寺)’ of Silla. Buddhism utilizes music and dance to serve Bul(佛), Beop(法), and Seung(僧) and promulgate Buddhist doctrines. Here, 『Taigenshou(体源抄)』 has records showing the relationship between and Buddhism. In addition, rats are not irrelevant to Buddhism, also appearing in 『Jataka(本生譚)』. If is closely related with Buddhism, then its relationship with Imhasa can be meaningful, as they use the same marks. Looking at the remains of Imhasa such as brick pagodas, its origin traces back to Silla Dynasty. Considering the relationship between and Imhasa, it is highly possible that originates from Silla among the three countries of the Korean Peninsula.

Hwangchangmu (黃昌舞) is a type of sword dance, which is based on a legend about Hwangchang Rang (黃昌郞), a member of the Silla Dynasty. The legend states that Hwangchang Rang (黃昌郞) bravely went to Baekje to slay the king with a sword. The dance is performed in commemoration of Hwangchang (黃昌 or 黃倡), who fought to the death for his country, Silla. During the Joseon Dynasty, Hwangchangmu was dance indigenous to the Gyeongju region. In the late Joseon period, Park Jong (朴琮 1735-1793) stated that Hwangchangmu had been passed down from the Silla Dynasty for nearly 1,000 years and people at that time thought that it was the best dance in the East. The dance, which had been performed at Gyeongju Gyobang during the Joseon Dynasty, was suspended during the period of Japanese colonization. The objective of this research is to establish a basic theoretical background that can be used to restore Hwangchangmu in a contemporary context. Particularly, it is part of an effort to restore Hwangchangmu, which is described as one of the ten dances from the Silla Dynasty (新羅十舞) in Donggyeongyurok (東京遊錄) written by Park Jong. Since its sentences are brief and the contents are rough, related materials are collected and analyzed from the Akbusi (樂府詩), which is a literary anthology that was written by many literary figures and originated during the Joseon Dynasty. The research suggests that the past dance culture of Gyeongju Gyobang should be examined. Also, the study of Hwangchangmu is expected to contribute to a newly illuminating and understanding of native art and culture in provincial regions.

This paper aims to find how to utilize the dance of Silla era by figuring out what are the characteristics of dance are based on Silla people’s life and how it had been used historically. The characteristics of dance based on Silla people’s life are classified as those of amateur and of expert. Amateurs danced in various fields of life. There was dancing entertainment during community labor which was led by women. A woman monk comported life’s worries which were not able to be avoided even by Buddhist priest by making humorous dances. Wonhyo announced the name of Buddha by Muaemu. Silla nobles maximized their pleasure in parties by dancing entertainment and made drinking parties fun by dancing penalty. A king of Silla danced and sang a song when life’s worries resolved. Hwarang displayed patriotism by a sword dance. There were three characteristics in expert’s dance. First, Silla set a high value on moderation and self-control by aiming for dance joyful but not dissipated and sad but not grievous. Second, people considered pleasure and enjoyment as a root of dance creation. Third, dance took a key role in performing arts of Silla. Silla dance was used in history of Goryeo and Joseon dynasty. Muaemu and Cheoyoungmu were consistently utilized in dance by amateurs and experts. Cheoyoungmu which was utilized by expert’s dance in Chosun dynasty was performed in events of royal family, ceremony, events in local government offices, and private rituals. Hwangchangnangmu was consistently utilized in Gyeongsang Provinces as considered as Silla dance. Currently Silla dance can be utilized in Gyeongju in varying purposes. It is expected to continue Silla people’s life dance in various ways even in the present times.

DUTBEKI is a dance which has been most widely performed by public folks in many parts of KYUNGSANGDO. ULSAN is within the cultural sphere of KYUNGSANGDO. This study intends to analyze the motion forms of a DUTBEKI which have been performed in ULSAN district through an aesthetic approach. This DUTBEKI has been transcended from the past according to the customs of public folks. It was diversely grafted into village shrine rituals and seasonal customs derived from agriculture. As to the form of dancing, it could only be seen as a formless primitive gesture, in the process of dancing in the excess of their mirths. But it has an implicit sense of ritual. It also has politeness and stylishness. So, whenever this dancing was performed in a feast, the loud noise died away and village folks held their breath saying only 'good!' as a cheering word. Needless to say, everybody danced his own dance boasting of his own stylishness in a round circle called 'NANJANG'. The researcher has taken part in these village feasts of ULSAN district and enjoyed this dancing together with village folks from 1981 to 2018. As to the method of analysis, on the basis of this field experience and different documents, the researcher identified and sheded the light on the unique traits of flow and repetitive common motions in this dance from aesthetical standpoints. This approach will help to establish ULSAN DUTBEKI as a cultural asset of ULSAN district and give a basis for preservation and transmission of it.

This is a research of Choi, Seung Hee dance, tour of USA, Europe, and Latin America. The tour of USA research covers the first USA performance initiated in San Francisco 1938 and the second one in 1939 which had purpose of avoiding the European War. The tour of Europe research covers from January 1939 in Paris right after the first tour of USA to the performance in Hague, Netherlands. The tour of Latin American research covers from the performance in Brazil in 1940 to the performance in Mexico after the second tour of USA to avoid the Second World War. The activities in the Communist bloc in Europe after Choi, Seung Hee's defection to North Korea have been excepted from the tour of Europe research. According to Professor Jeong, Byung Ho, Choi, Seung Hee created more than 310 works throughout her life. And it is shown in her own records of conversation that she had over 600 dance work performances during the world tour. Also, Professor Kim, Ho Yeon says that there are more than 600 news articles in The Chosun Daily News, Dong-A Daily News, Maeil Shinbo during the period of Japanese colonial rule. Currently, over 100 studies of Choi, Seung Hee can be found as preceding results. Among these works, performances, recordings, and researches, lots of errors appear when translating expressions of the countries where the performance took place to our expression and when interpreting those translated materials as primary source and analyzing with our method which causes so much confusion to the research when quoting them as well. The motive of this research is to minimize those confusions. Along the process, by translating primary sources from around the world, the unification of expressions in our terminology which Choi, Seung Hee originally used was conducted as well. This research may have some omitted areas since only confirmed information in primary sources was researched. Choi, Seung Hee presented steadily during the world tour and the materials for the creation were about Korea and legends of Japan. She stated in her performance fliers that she is 'Korean Dancer' and also put her Japanese name 'Sai Shoki'. This can be understood as reflection of difficulty of the era. The fliers contain the title, music, and, in most of the printouts, the warning for the copyrights. This can be the pride of her creation and the result of an artist's rights practice. As a result, proposing the pamphlets and evaluation data of each performances of USA tour and proposing the actual repertory and contents of performances by discovering Europe tour pamphlets (Paris and Germany) are considered to be meaningful works in the history of Choi, Seung Hee research.