This study investigates the relationship among participation motivation in dance programs, positive psychological capital, and successful aging among middle-aged adults attending seniors universities. The participants were middle-aged adults who took part in dance programs at seniors universities in four cities with a high level of aging in Jiangsu Province. A total of 312 valid questionnaires were used for the final analysis. The measurement tools used in this study were questionnaires on participation motivation, positive psychological capital, and successful aging. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS WIN VER 27.0 and AMOS 26.0. The results of this study are as follows: First, dance programs motivation was found to have a significant effect on positive psychological capital. Second, dance programs motivation was found to have a significant effect on successful aging. Third, positive psychological capital was found to have a mediating effect on the relationship between participation motivation and successful aging. This study suggests that dance programs can enhance the positive psychological capital of middle-aged adults and contribute to the promotion of successful aging.