The study examines Sartre's existentialist philosophy and Ericsson's theory of self-identity development in order to understand and advocate the need for elementary school dance education. Movement through the body can develop self-identity. This is because physical expressions that expose the interior to the outside help to autonomy and achieving. By expanding physical abilities and improving expressiveness, a child can develop his or her own identity. Considering that children grow up amid various social influences such as school life, an appropriate dance education is needed to help elementary school students to culture a healthy self-identity. Dance education provides an aesthetic experience for children to come into contact with society, and affects not only reflexive thinking but also self-identity. A proper approach to dance education in the elementary school years, when children experience sociality after infancy, will not only achieve balanced development, but also contribute to the complete self-identity of the child.